In diagnosing testicular cancer, an increase in which serum marker is often seen?

In diagnosing testicular cancer, an increase in serum markers is important for both confirming the diagnosis and monitoring treatment response. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (beta-hCG) are two key markers that can be elevated in specific types of testicular tumors.

Alpha-fetoprotein is primarily associated with non-seminomatous germ cell tumors, especially yolk sac tumors, and is an important marker in these cases. On the other hand, beta-hCG is often elevated in seminomatous tumors, as well as in some non-seminomatous types. The presence of higher levels of both markers can be indicative of malignant germ cell tumors of the testis.

The combination of both AFP and beta-hCG serves as a valuable diagnostic tool. Additionally, the simultaneous elevation of these markers can provide insights into the tumor type and its behavior, aiding in the treatment planning and prognosis.

In contrast, alkaline phosphatase is typically not used as a specific marker for testicular cancer; it is more often associated with bone disease or liver conditions. Therefore, the correct option, which encompasses both AFP and beta-hCG, reflects their relevance in diagnosing and understanding testicular neoplasms.