What is the primary long-term treatment approach for a patient with osteoporosis?

The primary long-term treatment approach for a patient with osteoporosis is the use of oral bisphosphonates. These medications, such as alendronate and risedronate, function by inhibiting osteoclast activity, which is responsible for bone resorption. By reducing the rate of bone turnover and preventing the loss of bone density, bisphosphonates help to decrease the risk of fractures in individuals with osteoporosis, ultimately improving bone strength over time.

While calcium supplements and vitamin D are important components of osteoporosis management, they are not sufficient as standalone treatments for long-term osteoporosis. They primarily aid in maintaining bone health but do not actively inhibit bone loss.

Estrogen replacement therapy can be beneficial, particularly for postmenopausal women with osteoporosis, but it is not typically the first-line treatment option due to potential risks associated with hormone therapy and the availability of effective alternatives like bisphosphonates.

Glucocorticoids are actually a risk factor for osteoporosis and are not used as a treatment for the condition itself. In some cases, patients who require glucocorticoid therapy may need additional treatment for osteoporosis to counteract the bone loss associated with these steroids.

Therefore, oral bisphosphonates remain the primary long-term