Which condition is characterized by increased serum alkaline phosphatase and bone pain?

The condition characterized by increased serum alkaline phosphatase and bone pain is Paget's disease. Paget's disease of bone is a chronic disorder that can result in enlarged and deformed bones, often leading to pain and increased risk of fractures. The elevation in alkaline phosphatase is indicative of increased osteoclastic activity followed by excessive new bone formation, which is prominent in this disease.

Patients with Paget's disease may experience significant bone pain due to the abnormal remodeling and stress on the bones, leading to complications such as arthritis in adjacent joints and microfractures. The serum alkaline phosphatase level serves as a marker of the increased osteoblastic activity, which is a hallmark feature of this condition.

In contrast, other conditions listed have different underlying mechanisms and clinical presentations, which do not predominantly showcase the same pattern of serum alkaline phosphatase elevation alongside bone pain as observed in Paget's disease.